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المشروع الأول : ساعة بسيطة باستخدام DS1307 و PIC16F877A و LCD : لكى يعمل المشروع بشكل صحيح فى الواقع أو فى المحاكاة ينبغى وضع بعض القيم فى DS13-7 (ضبط الساعة) قبل القراءة منها وعرض النتائج على وحدة العرض LCD أى مجرد ضبط الساعة قبل عملية القراءة . فى هذا المشروع لن نستخدم أزرار للضبط بغرض تسهيل معرفة مبادىء العمل ، وسوف نستخدم لاحقا فى المشاريع أزرار الضبط للوصول إلى ساعة عملية . علاوة على ذلك يتم توضيح فكرة استخدام طرف الخرج SOUT لتوليد موجة مربعة بتردد 1Hz . الدائرة الكهربية : الدائرة الكهربية للساعة بسيطة جدا وهى مبينة بالشكل التالى :  البرنامج مزد بالتعليقات اللازمة لشرح طريقة العمل : كود:
//DS1307 RTC Interfacing with PIC16F877A
// LCD module connections
sbit LCD_RS at RB2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN at RB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4 at RB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5 at RB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6 at RB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7 at RB7_bit;
sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB7_bit;
/////////////////////
///// global variables////
unsigned short sec;
unsigned short minute;
unsigned short hour;
unsigned short day;
unsigned short date;
unsigned short month;
unsigned short year;
unsigned short temp;
char time[9];
char ddate[11];
//////functions ////////
//////////
unsigned short read_ds1307(unsigned short address)// address byte
{
I2C1_Start();//Determines if I²C bus is free and issues START signal.
I2C1_Wr(0xd0); //address 0x68 followed by direction bit (0 for write, 1 for read) 0x68 followed by 0 --> 0xD0
I2C1_Wr(address);//address of ds1307 to be read
I2C1_Repeated_Start();//to change from write condition to read condition
I2C1_Wr(0xd1); //0x68 followed by 1 --> 0xD1
temp=I2C1_Rd(0);//Reads one byte from the slave, and sends not acknowledge signal
I2C1_Stop();//Issues STOP signal
return(temp);//BCD byte
}
/////////
void write_ds1307(unsigned short address,unsigned short w_data)//address and w_data bytes
{
I2C1_Start(); // issue I2C start signal
//address 0x68 followed by direction bit (0 for write, 1 for read) 0x68 followed by 0 --> 0xD0
I2C1_Wr(0xD0); // send byte via I2C (device address + W)
I2C1_Wr(address); // send byte (address of DS1307 location)
I2C1_Wr(w_data); // send data (data to be written)
I2C1_Stop(); // issue I2C stop signal
}
/////////////////////////
unsigned char BCD2UpperCh(unsigned char bcd)
{
return ((bcd >> 4) + '0');//get ASCII character
}
////////
unsigned char BCD2LowerCh(unsigned char bcd)
{
return ((bcd & 0x0F) + '0');
}
///////
void init(){
I2C1_Init(100000); //DS1307 I2C is running at 100KHz
PORTB = 0;
TRISB = 0; // Configure PORTB as output
TRISC = 0xFF;
Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear LCD display
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Turn cursor off
Lcd_Out(1, 1, "TIME:");
Lcd_Out(2, 1, "DATE:");
//Set Time
write_ds1307(0,0x80); //address 0 , data 10000000 :Reset second to 0 sec. and stop Oscillator ,DS1307 TIMEKEEPER REGISTERS Figure 3
write_ds1307(1,0x06); //write min 06
write_ds1307(2,0x12); //write hour 12
write_ds1307(3,0x07); //write day of week 7:satarday
write_ds1307(4,0x16); // write date 16
write_ds1307(5,0x04); // write month 04
write_ds1307(6,0x16); // write year 16 --> 2016
write_ds1307(7,0x10); //SQWE output at 1 Hz , control address 0x07 , enable bit bit4
write_ds1307(0,0x00); //Reset second to 0 sec. and start Oscillator
}
///////main function////////////
void main(){
init();
while(1)
{
sec=read_ds1307(0); // read second
minute=read_ds1307(1); // read minute
hour=read_ds1307(2); // read hour
day=read_ds1307(3); // read day
date=read_ds1307(4); // read date
month=read_ds1307(5); // read month
year=read_ds1307(6); // read year
time[0] = BCD2UpperCh(hour);
time[1] = BCD2LowerCh(hour);
time[2] = ':';
time[3] = BCD2UpperCh(minute);
time[4] = BCD2LowerCh(minute);
time[5] = ':';
time[6] = BCD2UpperCh(sec);
time[7] = BCD2LowerCh(sec);
time[8] = '\0';
ddate[0] = BCD2UpperCh(date);
ddate[1] = BCD2LowerCh(date);
ddate[2] ='/';
ddate[3] = BCD2UpperCh(month);
ddate[4] = BCD2LowerCh(month);
ddate[5] ='/';
ddate[6] = '2';
ddate[7] = '0';
ddate[8] = BCD2UpperCh(year);
ddate[9] = BCD2LowerCh(year);
ddate[10] = '\0';
Lcd_Out(1,6,time);
Lcd_Out(2,6,ddate);
Delay_ms(50);
}
}
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مشروع ساعة رقمية قابلة لضبط التوقيت والتاريخ باستخدام DS1307 والميكروكونترولر PIC16F877A والمترجم ميكروسى برو : الدائرة الكهربية :  البرنامج : كود:
// LCD module connections
sbit LCD_RS at RB2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN at RB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4 at RB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5 at RB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6 at RB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7 at RB7_bit;
sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB7_bit;
// End LCD module connections
unsigned short read_ds1307(unsigned short address)
{
unsigned short r_data;
I2C1_Start();
I2C1_Wr(0xD0); //address 0x68 followed by direction bit (0 for write, 1 for read) 0x68 followed by 0 --> 0xD0
I2C1_Wr(address);
I2C1_Repeated_Start();
I2C1_Wr(0xD1); //0x68 followed by 1 --> 0xD1
r_data=I2C1_Rd(0);
I2C1_Stop();
return(r_data);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////
void write_ds1307(unsigned short address,unsigned short w_data)
{
I2C1_Start(); // issue I2C start signal
//address 0x68 followed by direction bit (0 for write, 1 for read) 0x68 followed by 0 --> 0xD0
I2C1_Wr(0xD0); // send byte via I2C (device address + W)
I2C1_Wr(address); // send byte (address of DS1307 location)
I2C1_Wr(w_data); // send data (data to be written)
I2C1_Stop(); // issue I2C stop signal
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
unsigned char BCD2UpperCh(unsigned char bcd)
{
return ((bcd >> 4) + '0');
}
unsigned char BCD2LowerCh(unsigned char bcd)
{
return ((bcd & 0x0F) + '0');
}
//////global variables//////////////////
unsigned short second;
unsigned short minute;
unsigned short hour;
unsigned short hr;
unsigned short day;
unsigned short dday;
unsigned short month;
unsigned short year;
unsigned short ap;
unsigned short set_count = 0;
short set;
char time[] = "00:00:00 PM";
char date[] = "00-00-00";
/////////////////////////
bit oldstate; // Old state flag
////////////////////
void main()
{
I2C1_Init(100000); //DS1307 I2C is running at 100KHz
CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators
ADCON1 = 0x06; // To turn off analog to digital converters
TRISA = 0x07;
PORTA = 0x00;
Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Cursor off
Lcd_out(1,1,"Time:");
Lcd_out(2,1,"Date:");
while(1)
{
set = 0;
/////////
if (Button(&PORTA, 0, 10, 0)) { // Detect logical one
oldstate = 1; // Update flag
}
if (oldstate && Button(&PORTA, 0, 10, 1)) { // Detect one-to-zero transition
oldstate = 0; // Update flag
set_count++;
if(set_count >= 7)
{
set_count = 0;
}
}
/////////////////////
if(set_count)
{
//////////////////////////
if (Button(&PORTA, 1, 10, 0)) { // Detect logical one
oldstate = 1; // Update flag
}
/////
if (oldstate && Button(&PORTA, 0, 10, 1)) { // Detect one-to-zero transition
oldstate = 0; // Update flag
set = 1;
}
/////////////////////
if (Button(&PORTA, 2, 10, 0)) { // Detect logical one
oldstate = 1; // Update flag
}
if (oldstate && Button(&PORTA, 0, 10, 1)) { // Detect one-to-zero transition
oldstate = 0; // Update flag
set = -1;
}
/////////////////////////
if(set_count && set)
{
switch(set_count)
{
case 1:
hour=Bcd2Dec(hour);
hour = hour + set;
hour=Dec2Bcd(hour);
if((hour & 0x1F) >= 0x13)
{
hour = hour & 0b11100001;
hour = hour ^ 0x20;
}
else if((hour & 0x1F) <= 0x00)
{
hour = hour | 0b00010010;
hour = hour ^ 0x20;
}
write_ds1307(2, hour); //write hour
break;
case 2:
minute = Bcd2Dec(minute);
minute = minute + set;
if(minute >= 60)
minute = 0;
if(minute < 0)
minute = 59;
minute = Dec2Bcd(minute);
write_ds1307(1, minute); //write min
break;
case 3:
if(abs(set))
write_ds1307(0,0x00); //Reset second to 0 sec. and start Oscillator
break;
case 4:
day = Bcd2Dec(day);
day = day + set;
day = Dec2Bcd(day);
if(day >= 0x32)
day = 1;
if(day <= 0)
day = 0x31;
write_ds1307(4, day); // write date 17
break;
case 5:
month = Bcd2Dec(month);
month = month + set;
month = Dec2Bcd(month);
if(month > 0x12)
month = 1;
if(month <= 0)
month = 0x12;
write_ds1307(5,month); // write month 6 June
break;
case 6:
year = Bcd2Dec(year);
year = year + set;
year = Dec2Bcd(year);
if(year <= -1)
year = 0x99;
if(year >= 0x50)
year = 0;
write_ds1307(6, year); // write year
break;
}
}
}
second = read_ds1307(0);
minute = read_ds1307(1);
hour = read_ds1307(2);
hr = hour & 0b00011111;
ap = hour & 0b00100000;
dday = read_ds1307(3);
day = read_ds1307(4);
month = read_ds1307(5);
year = read_ds1307(6);
//////////////////////////
time[0] = BCD2UpperCh(hr);
time[1] = BCD2LowerCh(hr);
time[3] = BCD2UpperCh(minute);
time[4] = BCD2LowerCh(minute);
time[6] = BCD2UpperCh(second);
time[7] = BCD2LowerCh(second);
date[0] = BCD2UpperCh(day);
date[1] = BCD2LowerCh(day);
date[3] = BCD2UpperCh(month);
date[4] = BCD2LowerCh(month);
date[6] = BCD2UpperCh(year);
date[7] = BCD2LowerCh(year);
///////
if(ap)
{
time[9] = 'P';
time[10] = 'M';
}
else
{
time[9] = 'A';
time[10] = 'M';
}
////////////////////////////
Lcd_out(1, 6, time);
Lcd_out(2, 6, date);
Delay_ms(100);
}
}
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